_{The article deals with the differential peculiarities of science-fiction as a standalone genre of literature, and with such terms as "onomastic realia" and "onym" methods and ways, which translators use in order to translate the above mentioned linguistic units from English into Russian. The aim of the article is to find out, what translation problems arise with the presence of onomastic realias in the texts of contemporary English science-fiction novels, and what methods translators use in order to keep translation faithful to the original. Contrastive and comparative analyses of the empirical material reveal that in the situations when there is no direct equivalent of the noun denoting imaginary realia, a translator needs to logically deduce the meaning of the problematic word or phrase and come up with the most adequate variant. A good translator has to possess extensive background knowledge and understand imagery behind objects and phenomena described in sci-fi literature.}