DIACHRONIC ANALYSIS OF COLORONYMS IN THE SCIENTIFIC CHEMICAL DISCOURSE: SEMANTIC ASPECT

This article is devoted to the research of the semantic peculiarities of coloronyms in the diachronic aspect in French scientific chemical discourse. On material of electronic archive of French scientific chemical journals «Annales de chimie et de physique» of XIX- XXI c. it is examined coloronyms, denoting «primary» colours (rouge (red), blanc (white), jaune (yellow), noir (black), bleu (blue), vert (green) and coloronyms with the lexical dominant of these colours. On the basis of colour terms, often seen in scientifiс chemical texts, the author forms definite semantic models («colour + colour cast», «colour + colour»). Also it is created lexico-semantic types of coloronyms according to the way of their getting («coloronym of synthetic origin», «coloronym of metallic origin», «coloronym of mineral origin», «coloronym of animal origin»). With the help of statistic analysis it is marked out the group of colour terms the most often used – coloronyms with the lexical dominant «rouge» – and the group of colour terms the fewest in number – coloronyms with the lexical dominant «noir». The author quotes the definitions of some coloronyms, widely used in the scientific chemical discourse, and on its basis he analyses the peculiarities of the semantic evolution of colour terms. In conclusion the author marks out the most significant lexico-semantic processes for the coloronyms of the chemical sphere – the appearance of new connotations and the widening of meaning. The example of the first process is that some coloronyms of the scientific chemical discourse are the result of the fusion of the words not related to the chemistry (names of food products, plants, toponyms etc.). The widening of the semantic is evidenced by the fact that many coloronyms are not used in the scientific chemical area, peculiar to them, and they become the part of the terminology of the  scientific chemical 
discourse.